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turnpike theorem - translation to russian
![The divergence theorem can be used to calculate a flux through a [[closed surface]] that fully encloses a volume, like any of the surfaces on the left. It can ''not'' directly be used to calculate the flux through surfaces with boundaries, like those on the right. (Surfaces are blue, boundaries are red.)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/SurfacesWithAndWithoutBoundary.svg?width=200 "The divergence theorem can be used to calculate a flux through a [[closed surface]] that fully encloses a volume, like any of the surfaces on the left. It can ''not'' directly be used to calculate the flux through surfaces with boundaries, like those on the right. (Surfaces are blue, boundaries are red.)")
математика
теорема о дивергенции
теорема Гаусса-Остроградского
1) горная дорога, перевальная дорога
2) дорожная застава (пункт взимания подорожного сбора)
3) платная дорога
4) автомагистраль, автострада; скоростная автострада
5) магистраль (особый вид оптимальной траектории роста)
- turnpike for the economy
Definition
Wikipedia
Turnpike theory refers to a set of economic theories about the optimal path of accumulation (often capital accumulation) in a system, depending on the initial and final levels. In the context of a macroeconomic exogenous growth model, for example, it says that if an infinite optimal path is calculated, and an economic planner wishes to move an economy from one level of capital to another, as long as the planner has sufficient time, the most efficient path is to quickly move the level of capital stock to a level close to the infinite optimal path, and to allow capital to develop along that path until it is nearly the end of the desired term and the planner must move the capital stock to the desired final level. The name of the theory refers to the idea that a turnpike is the fastest route between two points which are far apart, even if it is not the most direct route.
